介绍：

• 1、美国的"黑人英语"有什么特点
• 2、美国黑人英语有什么特点？黑人圈有哪些日常特有词汇
• 3、美国黑人现状英文介绍
• 4、急救关于美国黑人的英语论文，什么社会地位都行
• 5、二战后美国黑人地位变化的英语论文2500字
• 6、在20世纪早期的美国黑人的地位怎样？详细说说，我要了解历史再写英文作文

美国的"黑人英语"有什么特点

黑人是有口音的，还有些不合正统语法的口语。来源于纽约哈林黑人聚集区。为了显示他们的african american特点和个性，有意识特别强调这种口音或者语法。在艺人，运动员里特别明显。甚至有的国会议员，我也听过他有意识的说这种口音。

但是黑人如果从事播音或者比较有地位的行业，或受过良好教育，例如大学教授，就和白人口音完全一致。听声音你辨别不出白人黑人。

美国黑人地位其实很高，黑人问题是他们的禁忌，为了政治正确political correctness, 一般很少说他们有口音或不标准。

最近一件事，参议院领袖说欧巴马没口音被舆论群攻了。

黑人英语的详细介绍 请看百度百科

美国黑人英语有什么特点？黑人圈有哪些日常特有词汇

我有个朋友在美国留学，但是她和当地的华人圈子融入得不太好，所以朋友无非就是白人和黑人。去年她找了一个黑人男朋友，两个人在一起感情还不错。

黑人英语（Black English）是英语的一种变体，使用者多为身处社会下层的美国黑人。现在的好来坞大片黑人英语可谓是大行其道。将黑人英语视为劣等英语是一种基于种族歧视的社会观，与语言学观相悖。

黑人英语的语音、形态、句法和词汇系统有明显不同于标准英语的特征，但它符合“语言是规则系统”的原则，是语言规则操作的产物，有着明显的自律性和系统性。

由于历史的原因，有很多的黑人生活在美国，成为了美国社会的一个令人注目的社会阶层，他们所使用的语言也由于带有鲜明的民族特色而享有了一个独特的名字———黑人英语。然而，近几十年来对黑人英语的进一步研究表明，黑人英语这个名字实际是不甚确切的，因为它不是单纯由民族差异而形成的语言变体，它的使用是与经济地位、教育水准等社会因素密切有关的，由此可见，近年来美国的黑人英语已逐步成为了一种重要的社会方言，而不是单纯的民族方言。一方面并不是所有的美国黑人都使用黑人英语，黑人英语作为一种英语变体使用于美国社会中那些经济地位低下的黑人中，或者是那些虽然已上升到中等收入水平，但与原来的阶层仍保持联系的黑人中。另一方面也有许多讲黑人英语的人并不是黑人。

认为黑人语言是一种所谓的“天生劣等”、“欠缺性”、“非完整”的语言的观点是不正确的。黑人英语的区别性特征继续存在不是由种族因素造成的，而是由社会、教育和经济因素造成的。种族歧视和隔离政策加剧了黑人英语与美国标准英语之间的差异，也使黑人英语使用者难以融入美国主流社会。

很多黑人英语的日常词汇还是蛮有趣的。

ayyowaddupson，howyadoin一般这样的打招呼在黑人中用的最多。其实多听rap就可以了解，黑人文化中的几大主题，性，暴力，财富，毒品使得很多单词和语法被衍生出来，比如ice，crystal和cream基本就是毒品了，西海岸一般多是weed和smoke，hollow tips就是子弹，carry 9就是携带手枪（9mm子弹）,钞票可以用G来表示1000刀，因为美元是绿色的，一开始有人用green指代，后来直接简化为G了，女人的叫法就更多了，chick,gurl,bitch,pussy等等。在黑人文化中，gangsta,hustler,player,thug基本都是帮派人士的自称，主要是非法手段取得财富，当然还有最标志的一个词，nigga，从negro衍生过来。

美国黑人现状英文介绍

美国现有两千六百万黑人,占美国人口的百分之十一点七。他们都是十六、七世纪的黑人奴隶后裔。三、四百年来,黑人在美国,经历过独立战争、南北战争、开发美国西部的斗争,以及第二次世界大战等难忘的岁月,以他们的血汗和泪水,浇灌了美国今天发达的资本主义文明,对美国历史的发展作出了巨大贡献。可是,今天他们的处境同其先辈血泪斑斑的遭遇相比,并无多大本质性的改善。美国广大黑人在种族歧视下,日益走上反种族歧视的道路。这种斗争不但历几百年而不息,而且于本世纪尤烈。

The United States of America, Posting a black seven per cent of the population at eleven o 'clock. They are in the seventh century, the black slaves to seed. Three or four years, blacks in the United States, and experienced the war of independence, the civil war in the western United States, and development of struggle, and the second world war, such unforgettable years in their blood and tears, the U.S. today developed capitalist civilization, the development of American history has made great contribution. But today, with its predecessors in their blood, and suffered a little essential improvements. American blacks in the racial discrimination, growing on the road against racial discrimination. The struggle for hundreds of years and not calendar, but in the penalized by.

急救关于美国黑人的英语论文，什么社会地位都行

Racial terrorism

After its founding in 1867, the Ku Klux Klan, a secret vigilante organization sworn to perpetuate white supremacy, became a power for a few years in the South and beyond, eventually establishing a northern headquarters in Greenfield, Indiana. Its members hid behind masks and robes to hide their identity while they carried out violence and property damage. The Klan employed lynching, cross burnings and other forms of terrorism, physical violence, house burnings, and intimidation. The Klan's excesses led to the passage of legislation against it, and with Federal enforcement, it was squeezed out by 1871.

The anti-Republican and anti-freedmen sentiment only briefly went underground, as violence arose in other incidents, especially after Louisiana's disputed state election in 1872, which contributed to the Colfax and Coushatta massacres in Louisiana in 1873 and 1874. Tensions and rumors were high in many parts of the South. when violence erupted, African Americans consistently were killed at a much higher rate than were European Americans. Historians of the 20th century have renamed events long called "riots" in southern history. The common stories featured whites' heroically saving the community from marauding blacks. Upon examination of the evidence, historians have called numerous such events "massacres", as at Colfax, because of the disproportionate number of fatalities for blacks as opposed to whites. The mob violence there resulted in 40-50 blacks dead for each of the three whites killed.[23]

While not as widely known as the Klan, the paramilitary organizations that arose in the South during the mid-1870s as the white Democrats mounted a stronger insurgency, were more directed and effective than the Klan in challenging Republican governments, suppressing the black vote and achieving political goals. Unlike the Klan, paramilitary members operated openly, often solicited newspaper coverage, and had distinct political goals: to turn Republicans out of office and suppress or dissuade black voting in order to regain power in 1876. Groups included the White League, that started from white militias in Grant Parish, Louisiana, in 1874 and spread in the Deep South; the Red Shirts, that started in Mississippi in 1875 but had chapters arise and was prominent in the 1876 election campaign in South Carolina, as well as in North Carolina; and other White Line organizations such as rifle clubs.[24]

The Jim Crow era accompanied the most cruel wave of "racial" suppression that America has yet experienced. Between 1890 and 1940, millions of African Americans were disfranchised, killed, and brutalized. According to newspaper records kept at the Tuskegee Institute, about 5,000 men, women, and children were murdered outright, tortured to death in documented extrajudicial public rituals of mob violence —human sacrifices called "lynchings." The journalist Ida B. Wells estimated that lynchings not reported by the newspapers, plus similar executions under the veneer of "due process", may have amounted to about 20,000 killings.[citation needed]

Of the tens of thousands of lynchers and onlookers during this period, it is reported that fewer than 50 whites were ever indicted for their crimes, and only four sentenced. Because blacks were disfranchised, they could not sit on juries or have any part in the political process, including local offices. Meanwhile, the lynchings were a weapon of white mob terror with millions of Afro-Americans living in a constant state of anxiety and fear.[25] Most blacks were denied their right to keep and bear arms under Jim Crow laws, and they were therefore unable to protect themselves or their families.[26]

Politically and economically, blacks have made substantial strides in the post-civil rights era. Civil rights leader Jesse Jackson, who ran for the Democratic Party's presidential nomination in 1984 and 1988, brought unprecedented support and leverage to blacks in politics.

In 1989, Douglas Wilder became the first African-American elected governor in U.S. history. In 1992 Carol Moseley-Braun of Illinois became the first black woman elected to the U.S. Senate. There were 8,936 black officeholders in the United States in 2000, showing a net increase of 7,467 since 1970. In 2001 there were 484 black mayors.

The 38 African-American members of Congress form the Congressional Black Caucus, which serves as a political bloc for issues relating to African Americans. The appointment of blacks to high federal offices—including General Colin Powell, Chairman of the U.S. Armed Forces Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1989-1993, United States Secretary of State, 2001 - 2005; Condoleezza Rice, Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, 2001-2004, Secretary of State in, 2005 - 2009; Ron Brown, United States Secretary of Commerce, 1993-1996; and Supreme Court justices Thurgood Marshall and Clarence Thomas—also demonstrates the increasing visibility of blacks in the political arena.

Economic progress for blacks' reaching the extremes of wealth has been slow. According to Forbes richest lists, Oprah Winfrey was the richest African American of the 20th century and has been the world's only black billionaire in 2004, 2005, and 2006. [1] Not only was Winfrey the world's only black billionaire but she has been the only black on the Forbes 400 list nearly every year since 1995. BET founder Bob Johnson briefly joined her on the list from 2001-2003 before his ex-wife acquired part of his fortune; although he returned to the list in 2006, he did not make it in 2007. With Winfrey the only African American wealthy enough to rank among America's 400 richest people [2], blacks currently comprise 0.25% of America's economic elite and comprise 13% of the U.S. population.

In 2008, Illinois senator Barack Obama became the first black presidential nominee of the Democratic Party, making him the first African-American presidential candidate from a major political party. He was elected as the 44th President of the United States on November 4, 2008, and inaugurated on January 20, 2009.

二战后美国黑人地位变化的英语论文2500字

Eric S.Yuhnke细述美国黑人地位变化史

[ 文字：通讯员 赖志玲 郑恬 | 图片： | 编辑：郑春生　张如瑾 ]

[ 提交： | 审核：2009-04-07 18:32:44 | 点击：1614 ]

本网讯　4月3日下午，美国富布莱特学者 Prof. Eric S.Yuhnke在图书馆多功能报告厅举行了一场题为“Martin Luther King, Jr.、 Barack Obama and the Civil Rights Movement”的精彩讲座，以其独特视角生动诠释了美国民权运动的历史和当今政坛。

Prof. Yunhnke在演讲中

音图并茂展示美国黑人地位的变化

Prof. Yunhnke以Dr. Martin Luther King为切入点，讲述美国民权运动的九个阶段。他从宪法第13、14、15号修正法案的侧重点和民权法案（Civil Rights Acts）给非裔美国人带来的短暂地位提升等方面介绍了“Reconstruction”(1865－1877) （重建时期）。接着，他又结合一系列公共场合中用以隔离黑人的标语图片介绍了“Rolling Back Reconstruction”（倒退重建时期）。其中，包含“隔离但平等”原则的著名的《普莱西诉弗格森案》(Plessy v. Ferguson 1896)也是在这个时期提出。

在介绍“The Nadir of Race Relations”（种族关系低谷时期）时，Prof. Yunhnke展示出大量美国各地黑人被吊死在树上、路标上的历史图片。这时，唱着 “Southern trees bear strange fruit”的哀沉歌曲悄然响起。他解释道，这首歌是说南方连果子都是黑的，而这些图片是来自寄送给亲友的明信片封面。面对此景，人们却十分麻木。由此可知，当时黑人在美国的地位达到了谷底。

然而，黑人也在不断努力抗争，并在经济、政治、科学等方面逐渐突显力量。同时，第二次世界大战的爆发也让部分美国人在指责法西斯对犹太民族迫害的同时开始反思自己对待黑人的态度。“Winds of Change”（变革之风）随之刮起，种族关系开始得到缓解。Prof. Yunhnke随即又援例包括由“美国民权运动之母”Rosa Parks拒绝在公车上为白人让座而引发Montgomery Bus Boytt等案例，生动详实地剖析了“Using the Courts: The Legal Phase”（法律维权时期）和“The Direct Action Phase”（直接行动时期）。

“马丁路德金是人不是神”

此外，Prof. Yuhnke还讲解了“Martin Luther King, Jr.(1929~1969)”（马丁路德金时期）、“Black Power and the Dream Deferred”（黑权主义与延迟之梦）和“Barack Obama and the Joshua Generation”（奥巴马与约书亚世代）三个阶段。他清楚地介绍了马丁路德金的维权之路，并节选了他的著名演讲《I Have A Dream》。简要分析过后，Prof. Yuhnke指出马丁路德金是民权运动的领导者，而并非民权运动本身——他是人，而不是神。Prof. Yuhnke还特别指出了马丁路德金被种族主义分子刺杀后，尼克松上台所提出“Benign Neglect”（善意忽视）的国家种族政策。讲解到奥巴马时代时，Prof. Yuhnke朗诵了一段奥巴马在Alabama（亚拉巴马州）的演讲，并结合其亲身经历讲述了奥巴马当选的重要意义，及其对黑人地位可能带来的影响。在结束演讲时，他勉励大家： “Recognize the history. Don’t forget where you come from.”

在20世纪早期的美国黑人的地位怎样？详细说说，我要了解历史再写英文作文

20世纪时黑人的地位特别低。他们都是美国人的奴隶。一正因为他们是美国人的奴隶，所以呢，他们就会产生南北战争。